Er osti kompleksli quvur galereyasi prefabrik komponentlar ishlab chiqarish jarayonini batafsil yoritib beradi
Birinchidan, makon sozlamalari
Prefabrik sayt
1. Sayt loyihaning haqiqiy holatiga ko'ra tanlangan. Ushbu sayt import va eksportni tashkil etish uchun yopiq boshqaruvni qabul qiladi va qurilishga kirish yo'llari uchastka rejalashtirish zonasida saqlanadi va qoidalarga muvofiq import va eksportda turli belgilar osib qo'yiladi.
2. Prefabrikalash maydonchasining rejasi standart zavod talablariga qat'iy rioya qilinishi, atrof-muhitni muhofaza qilish va atrof-muhitni boshqarish tizimi va atrof-muhitni muhofaza qilish tizimining talablariga javob beradi va atrof-muhitni muhofaza qilishning turli xil vositalarini yaratadi. U xavfsiz va madaniy ishlab chiqarish, kanalizatsiya va axlatlarni tashish talablariga to'liq javob berishi kerak. Mahalliy davlat boshqaruv organlarining tegishli qoidalariga muvofiq.
3. Prefabrik maydonni tozalash, tekislash, tebranish va ixchamlashtirish, 20 sm qalinlikdagi tsement stabillashgan makadam asoslarini joylashtirish, yumshatish, tebranish va siqish. Zavodning asosiy yo'llari tsement-stabillashgan makadam bazasida 15 santimetr C20 tijorat beton tushadi. , o'rnatish maydonchasi, prefabrikatsiya, ishlab chiqarish maydoni, integratsiyalangan quvur galereyasi, 10 kqC20 tijorat betonga quyiladigan tabiiy saqlash joylari. Portal kranni temir yo'l erektsiya holatida, qazish chuqurligi 60 sm, beton quyiladi va yo'l qo'yiladi. Shuningdek, bu uch narsani bajaring:
(1) Tuproqni prefabriklashtirilgan maydonlar, shu jumladan, qurilish ishlari bo'yicha kamarlar va mavjud transport yo'llarini va prefabrika maydonlardagi yo'llarni birlashtiradigan tozalash va tekislash kerak.
(2) Prefabrik muhitda qurilish mashinalarining o'tishiga yoki qurilishiga ta'sir qiluvchi toshlar, begona o'tlar, daraxtlar, tuzilmalar va hokazolarni tozalab olish kerak, xandaklar va tizma tekislashi va past darajada yotadigan joylar suv to'planadigan suv bilan to'ldirilgan va to'ldirilgan holda, zarur bo'lsa, o'zgartirilishi kerak. Tuproqni to'ldiring, erning tekisligini va yuk va siqish quvvatini to'liq kafolatlang.
(3) Erni sotib olish yoki yerni bosib olish, transportning obro'sini to'kib tashlash, binolar, inshootlar, obidalar va hokazolarga zarar etkazmaslik uchun atrof-muhitni ifloslantirish va tuproq eroziyasini oldini olish uchun pre-fabrikatsiya uchastkasini tozalash va zinovlash ishlari olib boriladi.
4. Po'lat chig'anoqni qayta ishlash va o'rnatish maydonchalarini tayyorlash, integratsiya quvur galereyasi ishlab chiqarish bug'lash maydonchasi, integratsiyalangan quvur galereyasi tabiatni muhofaza qilish shoxobchasi, integratsiya quvur galereyasi saqlash va boshqa ishlab chiqarish ob'ektlari. Ofis doirasi va yashash maydoni haqiqiy holatga muvofiq belgilanadi va prefabrik maydon kirish va chiqishlari xavfsizlik xonasi sifatida o'rnatiladi. Ikkinchidan, ishlab chiqarish jarayoni
Ishlab chiqarish jarayoni oqimining diagrammasi
1. Tuproqqa kiruvchi muhandislik qurilish materiallari, namunalarni tekshirish, po'latdan ishlov berish, po'lat zanjirlarni joylashtirish, o'rnatish.
(1) takomillashtirish yondoshuv nazorati a. Temirdan yasalgan issiq haddelenmiş HPB300 temir va issiq haddelenmiş HRB400 temir çubuktur. Chelik panelning standart kuchi GB50010-2010 bo'yicha 4.2.2 talablariga javob beradi. Temir beton po'latdan yasalgan po'lat panel temir-beton uchun po'latdir: II qism: Issiq haddelenmiş yivli po'lat ziraklar (GB1499.2-2007); engil po'lat plitalar temir-beton uchun po'lat talablariga javob beradi: I-qism: Issiq plastinka ipli po'lat ziraklar (GB1499.1-2008). Chelik plitalar Q235-B po'latdan tayyorlangan, payvandlash elektrodlari HPB300 sifatli po'latdan E43 tipidagi elektrod bilan payvandlanadi va HRB400 gradusli po'lat E55 turi elektrod bilan payvandlanadi. b. Chelik joyga kirgunga qadar talablar, talablar, mahsulot sifati guvohnomasi, zavod inspektsiyasi hisoboti va qayta tekshirish bo'yicha hisobot to'liq va haqiqiy bo'lganligi bo'yicha turli xillik, sinf, spetsifikatsiya, miqdor va materiallar ro'yxatini tekshirib ko'ring. Mexanik xususiyat testi tegishli standartlarga muvofiq bo'lishi kerak. v. Chelik kirish joyiga kirmasdan oldin va ishlatishdan oldin, tekis bo'lsin, zarar etkazilmasin, sirtga, jiddiy jildga, yorilishga, yog 'bo'yog'iga, granulyar yoki pus oldingi zangga o'xshamasligi, tekis rang , po'lat panelni diametrini ko'ring Po'latning mustahkamligiga va anchagina ishlashiga ta'sir qilmaslik uchun talablarga javob bering. Chelik plitalar, payvand choklari, va hokazo joyga kirishdan oldin po'lat panelni tekshirish materiallari bilan tekshiriladi.
(2) Chelik majmuasi saqlash a. Saytga kiradigan po'lat ziraklar har xil, spetsifikatsiyaga va navlarga muvofiq po'lat zachiralarni saqlash zonasida saqlanadi. Materiallar moddiy xodimlar va qo'riqchilar tomonidan saqlanadi. Po'lat panelni pasdan himoya qilish uchun yostiq bilan qoplangan bo'lishi kerak. b. Chelik po'lat zanjirida zavod guvohnomasi va zavod inspektsiyasi hisoboti va qayta tekshiruv hisoboti mavjudligini tekshiring. Tashqi ko'rinish sifatini va miqyosi vakolatli diametrini tekshiring. Po'lat quvur sifat ko'rsatkichi bo'yicha har tomonlama tekshirilishi kerak. Omborni tekshirishga ko'ra, diametri va vazni o'zgarishi bir xil zavodga o'xshash, bir xil o'choq raqami, bir xil xususiyatlar, bir xil ishlab chiqarish jarayoni va bir vaqtning o'zida bir xil qurilish maydonchasiga kiradigan 60 tonna temir po'latdir. 60 tonnadan kam bo'lmagan nazorat punkti. Sinov uchastkasi sifatida tanlangan namuna olishni amalga oshiring. Chelik majmuasi namunalarini nazorat qilish muhandis tomonidan amalga oshiriladi. Ikki dona temir po'lat idishning uzunligi taxminan 450 mm bo'lgan va uzunligi taxminan 350 mm bo'lgan ikkita sovuqbo'yilgan sinovli bo'laklarni sinov maydonchasiga joylashtirish uchun ikkita po'latdan yasalgan po'latdan yasalgan va keyinchalik muhrlangan yoki kuzatilgan sinov xonasi. Qayta ko'rib chiqish natijalari nato'g'ri deb topilgan bo'lsa, u takroriy sinovdan o'tkaziladi va qayta sinovdan o'tkaziladi. Qayta ko'rib chiqish natijalari malakali bo'lishi kerak va professional nazorat muhandisi tasdiqlashni imzolashi kerak va po'lat zanjirlar majmuasi qayta ishlashda ishlatilishi mumkin. Boshqa materiallarni saqlash va saqlash namlik izolyatsiyalari bilan amalga oshiriladi.
(3) Temir ishlov berish Ustki ishlov berishdan oldin, turli xil qayta ishlash metodlari bilan birgalikda dizaynlashtirilgan spetsifikatsiyalar va uzunlik va miqdordan ko'ra har bir qurilishning uzunligi aniqligini ta'minlash uchun hisoblash yo'li bilan aniqlanadi. Ishlov berish jarayonida bo'shatish jadvalidagi xato yoki noto'g'ri ma'lumotlarning mavjudligini tekshiring. Har bir temir po'lat paneli uchun materiallar jadvalini tekshiring. Ushbu ikki tekshiruvdan so'ng haqiqiy namunani chiqarish uchun materiallar jadvalini bosing. Sinovlarni ishlab chiqarish malakali bo'lgandan so'ng, u partiyalarda qayta ishlanishi mumkin. Yaxshi po'lat majmuasi to'g'ri va muntazam ravishda to'planishi kerak. Chelik panjaraning yuzasi toza bo'lishi kerak va moy, axloqsizlik va zang ishlatishdan oldin tozalanishi kerak. Chelik majmuasi tekislanadi va mexanik ravishda tuzatiladi. Düzleştirildikten keyin temir majmuasi lokal bükme, o'lik virajlar yoki kichik to'lqinlar bo'lmasligi kerak. Chelik po'latni kesish temir po'lat idish, diametri, uzunligi va miqdori asosida bo'lishi kerak. Po'lat quvur uzunligi va uzunligi buzilgan bo'lishi kerak va qisqa ma'lumotni avval sinishi kerak va qisqa po'lat boshi po'latdan tejash va yo'qotishni kamaytirish uchun imkon qadar qisqartirilishi va qisqartirilishi kerak. Temir po'lat paneli büküldükten so'ng, o'ralib nuqtasi, eğilme nuqtasini belgilab beradi va har bir temir çubuklu rebound kuchiga asoslangan eğilme nazarini belgilab beradi. Rasmiy egilishdan oldin, katta miqdorda egilgan po'lat quvurlari sinishi bükülmeye tobe bo'ladi va tegishli texnik ma'lumotlar ommaviy eğilme oldin belgilanadi. Temir po'lat paneli büküldükten keyin kamon boshq hosil qiladi. Bükildikten so'ng, hajmi, bo'shliq hajmidan katta emas. Bükme tartibga solish qiymati e'tiborga olinishi lozim. Eğimli temir po'lat panjaraning egiluvchan diametri D va o'rta qismning egri po'lat panelning diametri 5 baravaridan kam bo'lmasligi kerak. Chelik chiziqning uzunligi komponentning kattaligiga, himoya qatlamining qalinligiga va po'lat panelning egilishining moslashuvchanligiga qarab keng ko'lamda ko'rib chiqilishi kerak. Chelik chizig'i ishlashining yo'l qo'yiladigan chegarasi spetsifikatsiyadan oshmasligi kerak. Bajarilgan materialning etishmasligi po'lat to'rva uchun, payvand choki bosimining payvandlash usuli oyoq uzunligini tejash va keyin egilish uchun ishlatiladi. Qo'rg'oshin payvandchi maxsus payvandlash payvandlash jarayonida o'qitilishi va tekshirish uchun namunalar olishlari kerak. Turli po'lat zanjirlar yaratilgach, ruxsat etiladigan chayqov spetsifikatsiyadan oshib ketmasligi kerak: quvvatli qovurg'alarning to'liq uzunligi ± 10 mm bo'lishi kerak; uzangning har bir qismining uzunligining og'ishi ± 5 mm bo'lishi kerak; burun qovurg'alarining deviatsiyasi elementning ± 20 mm bo'lishi kerak, katta miqyosi beton ± 30 mm; po'lat burchakning burilishlari 3 mm; 6 ~ 12mm yumaloq qovurg'a uzurgi ichiga tashlanadi va asosiy qafasning diametriga ko'ra, so'nggi kanca uzunligi 75 ~ 105mm. Bo'shashdan oldin aniq hisob-kitoblar aniqlanadi, qayta ishlangan po'lat zanjirlar tasniflanadi va saqlanadi va hosil qilingan po'lat ziraklarni saqlash va tashish paytida deformatsiyalanadi.
To'qilgan skeletlari topildi (temir po'latdir)
Qiyinchiliklar: to'rtburchak yuqori trubaning asosiy qovurg'alarini yaratish qiyinligi tashqi qovurg'a asosiy qovurg'a hisoblanadi. Har bir ohang to'rtburchak yuqori quvurli qurilish temirini tashkil etuvchi ikkita burchakli to'rtta temir majmuadan iborat. Yassi radiusi juda kichkina, kavisli kamon qismi qisqa va aniqligi yuqori. . Biznes: Chelik majmuasi eğilmeden oldin, har bir kamon kesishganida ularni belgilang. Keyin R90 gradusli uchburchak uch qirrali bükme bilan bükülmüştür va to'g'ri chiziq qismi eğimli emas. Arkni to'liq büktikten so'ng, u standart master inspektsiyasiga joylashtiriladi. Qoida talablaridan so'ng, harakatlanuvchi g'ildirak harakati belgisi keyingi tez ishlab chiqarish uchun bükme mashinasi ish platformasida amalga oshiriladi. Uch rollli bükme mashinasi jog va teskari funksiyaga ega bo'lishi kerak. (4) Chelik konstruktsiyalash manbai. Temir po'lat paneli payvand choklarini payvandlash ishlarini bajaradi. Payvandlash sifati po'lat quvurning umumiy quvvatini ta'minlash uchun muhim ahamiyatga ega. Chelik po'latni qayta ishlash zavodida po'lat quvurlari asosan burchak burmalarini va oxirgi yuzni zang, neft yog'lari va oksid plyonkasini payvand qilishdan oldin ikki tomonlama chirog'li payvandlash manbai bilan tozalanadi va metall yaltiroq silliqlash bilan ochiladi va Oksidlanish hodisasi yo'q. Shu bilan birga, temir pardaning so'nggi yuzi yaxshi kombinatsiyani engillashtirish uchun tekislashtirilishi kerak. Ikkala tomonning ustunlari ikkita po'lat zanjirning bir xil eksa ustida bo'lishini ta'minlash uchun ikkita po'lat panelni lokal tozalanishi 3 mm dan oshmasligi kerak. Manba paytida qo'llaniladigan bosim bir xil va kuchli bo'lishi kerak va temir po'latdan diametriga qarab, temir po'latdan ikki temir panjar o'rtasida yaxshi yopishishga erishish uchun temperatura 30-40 MPa da nazorat qilinishi kerak. Turli diametrli po'lat quvurlarga egiluvchan payvandlanganda, burilish 7 mm dan oshmasligi kerak. Buttning payvandlash va payvandlash ishlari qat'iy tartibga solinadi va payvandlash ishchilarining ishi tasdiqlanadi. Payvandlash tugagandan so'ng, qisqichni ochish uchun og'riyotgan qismdan qora rangga o'zgaradi va po'lat paneli bükülmemesi uchun silliq tarzda chiqariladi. Chelik majmuasi payvandlangandan keyin payvandlash bo'g'inlari tashqi ko'rinishini tekshirish vaqtida amalga oshiriladi va vizual tekshiruvni amalga oshirmayotgan bo'g'inlar qayta ishlanadi. Barcha payvandlash operatorlari barcha turdagi payvandlash mashinalari yaxshi ish sharoitida bo'lishini ta'minlashi, turli ishlov berish mashinalarining asosiy ishlashi va parametrlarini o'z vaqtida boshqarishi va asosiy metall va ob-havo shartlariga muvofiq haqiqiy ishlash uchun eng yaxshi parametrlarni tanlashini ta'minlashi kerak. payvandlash sifati. . (5) Temir po'latdan yasalgan qafaslar spetsifikatsiya, o'lcham, shakli, miqdori, joylashuvi va hokazolarni joylashtirishdan oldin qayta sozlang va kompleks tekshiruv loyiha chizmalariga va tarkibiy qismlariga muvofiq amalga oshirilishi kerak. Dizayn, ingredientlar ro'yxati va jismoniy ob'ekt moslashtirilishi mumkin. Xavfsizlik. Tizim o'rnatilishidan oldin, dizaynlashtirilgan ma'lumotlar joylashuvga moslashtiruvchi platformada joylashtirilgan. Shu bilan birga, joylashuvga binoan, mustahkamlovchi o'rnatmaning o'rnatilishi o'rnatilgandan keyin po'lat zanjirlarning talablarga javob berishini ta'minlash uchun aniqlanadi. Xavfsizlik jarayonida po'lat quvurlari asosan tel ulanish va spotli payvandlash bilan amalga oshiriladi. Teshiklar 20 ~ 22 # teldan iborat. Bog'lanish va majburlash usuli spetsifikatsiyalar va qoidalarga muvofiqdir. Spotli payvandorlik asosan temir po'lat va poydevorlarni barpo etish uchun ishlatiladi. Fikslash, spotli payvandlash mustahkam bo'lishi kerak, ballar bir xil tarzda taqsimlanishi kerak va kuch kabellari jiddiy zarar etkazmasligi kerak. Chelik eshikning burg'ulash naychasi quyidagi talablarga javob berishi kerak: a. Qator uzunligi oxiri temir po'lat panjarning pog'onasida diametri 10 barobaridan kam bo'lmasligi kerak va qo'shma qismning maksimal bükme momentida joylashtirilmasligi kerak. b. Tensiyadagi zonada I-navli po'latdan ishlov beradigan qo'shtirnoqning uchi kancaga o'rnatilishi kerak. Xuddi shu uchastkada kuchlanish zonasining qo'shtirnoqning tasavvurlar kesimi kuch-qabul qiluvchi qo'shmaning umumiy maydonining 50% dan kamini tashkil etadi, shtapel biriktirma esa 50% dan oshmasligi kerak. 25% dan oshmasligi kerak, bir vaqtning o'zida siqish zonasida 50% dan oshmasligi kerak. v. Qo'shilgan bo'g'inlar markaziy va ikkala uchida tel bilan bog'langan. g. Siqilgan qovurg'alarning umumiy pozitsiyalari bir-biridan ajralib turadi. Qisqartirilgan po'latdan mustahkamlangan bo'g'inlarning uzunligi tizimli dizayn talablariga javob berishi kerak. Resursli po'latdan bo'g'inlar va mexanik bo'g'inlar minimal bükme momentiga joylashtiriladi va chayqatiladi. e. Stressli po'lat panelning diametri ≥25 mm bo'lganida, payvandlangan payvandlash birikmasini ishlatish tavsiya etilmaydi. f. Stressli po'lat panelning beton himoya qatlamining qalinligi strukturaviy loyiha talablariga javob berishi kerak. Chelik chiziqning to'g'ri holatini ta'minlash uchun loyiha talablariga muvofiq bog'lanadi va o'rnatiladi. g. Quvvat biriktiruvchi jarayonda bir PHPVC trubasi qo'shma to'rt tomoniga, PH14mm, PVX quvurining uzunligi qo'shma og'izning devor qalinligi bo'yicha aniqlanadi va oldindan ko'milgan PVX trubkasi inspeksion teshik va inshoat teshigi sifatida ishlatiladi. Kaldırıcı teshiklari, o'rnatilgan quvur galerisinin chap va o'ng tomonlarini markazi tizmasiga 500 mm yuqorisida va ostida o'rnatiladi. Temir po'latdan ikkita PH125 * 10mm * 220 mm po'lat quvurlarga payvandlanadi va PH140 * 4 po'lat plitalar yopish uchun ishlatiladi. PH125 * 10mm * 180mm po'lat quvurni ko'tarmasdan oldin o'rnatiladi. PH110mm * 350mm temir pin inobatga chiziqli quvur galereyasini ko'tarish uchun moslashtirilgan quvurli askar qulog'i sifatida ishlatiladi. Temirdan yasalgan po'lat ashyolar maxfiy loyihalardir. Betonni quyishdan avval, temir po'lat va katak qismlar tekshirilishi va qabul qilinishi kerak va maxfiy muhandislik yozuvlari amalga oshirilishi lozim. Kuzatuv muhandislari kelishilganidan so'ng keyingi jarayonni amalga oshirish mumkin.
Chelik qolib o'rnatish
O'rnatish jarayonining eng samarali usuli quyidagicha bo'lishi kerak: birinchi navbatda ichki qolibni qo'llab-quvvatlash, dastlabki payvand choklarini payvandlash, so'ngra pastki mog'orga joylashtirish va po'latdan yasalgan po'latdan yasalgan po'lat uzukni po'latdan ramka qolipga qo'yiladi va po'lat zanjirlar payvandlanadi. Skeletka qolipga kiritilgandan so'ng, grouting teshigi, grouting teshigi va oldindan o'rnatilgan po'lat plitalar payvandlanadi. Resursdan so'ng tashqi qoldiq yig'iladi. Olib tashlash teshiklarining pozitsiyasi noto'g'ri bo'lishini oldini olish uchun, ko'tarma teshigi tashqi kalıpta sabitlenir va tashqi qolip o'rnatilgan qilinadi va manba soket oldindan tayyorlanadi. Dafn qilingan po'lat sochlari. (6) Kattalashtiruvchi himoya qatlami Betonning himoya qatlami beton bloklardan yasalgan, qalinligi mo'ljallangan himoya qatlamining qalinligi, blok o'lchami 3 sm3 sm, pedi soni esa C25 temperatura kuchi va ishlab chiqarish jarayonida dizaynerlik quvvatiga erishish uchun shifo berilmoqda. Ularning 85% i foydalanishi mumkin. Vertikal tuzilishda foydalanilganda, # 20 ulanish liniyasi blokga ko'milishi mumkin va blok simli po'lat satrga ulangan bo'lishi mumkin. Pastki plastinaning pastki qatlami va devorni mustahkamlash qatlami bir kvadrat metr uchun bir kvadrat metrga joylashtirilgan va o'rik gullari joylashtirilgan. Pedlar oralig'i mos ravishda shifrlangan bo'lishi kerak. Bloklarni oqilona tartibga solib, stresssiz po'lat arqonlarga mahkam bog'lab qo'ymaslik uchun, ularni joylashtirish jarayoni davomida bo'shashish va silkinishning oldini olish uchun mustahkamlash kerak; betonlarni quyishdan oldin bloklar to'liq tekshirilishi kerakmi yo'qmi yoki yo'qmi. 2. Beton quyish (1) Beton materiallar Betonni tashish prefabrikaga beton tanker orqali etkazib beriladi va beton pompali yuk mashinasida omborga quyiladi. Betonning tushishi odatda 140 dan 180 mm oralig'ida nazorat qilinadi (aniq qiymat kunning haroratiga bog'liq). 4 ta titrash radiuslari 20-25 sm bo'lgan konkret vibratsiyali roliklar, shuning uchun har bir novda orasidagi masofa 40 sm. Har bir chuqurlik chuqurligi oldingi titrash yuzasidan 5 sm masofada joylashgan va har bir novda uchun tebranish vaqti 2-3 daqiqa. (2) Aralashtirish nisbati dizayn va sinov a. Aralashma darajasi dizayni Betonning dizayn qudrati, sovuqqa chidamliligi, suv o'tkazuvchanligi, qum agregati kengayish tezligi va qurilishga mosligi, betonning konstruktsiyasi nisbati optimallash testining talablarini qondirish uchun ayni paytda qurilish suv-tsementining nisbati va tushish, nazorat inspektori tomonidan ko'rib chiqiladi va tasdiqlanadi. Betonning aralashishi darajasi olingan betonning o'ziga xos quyma shartlariga javob berishi va beton aralash nisbati ichidagi suvning iste'moli imkon qadar kichik bo'lishini ta'minlashi kerak. b. Beton aralashmasi nisbati sinov beton aralashmasi nisbati sinov rejasi, jumladan beton aralashmasi nisbati sinovi va turli qarshilik ko'rsatkichlari bo'yicha beton ish faoliyatini tekshirish, har xil aralash nisbati sinov komponentlari va aralashtirish, kalıplama va parvarishlash va hokazo. nazorat muhandisiga xabar beriladi. v. Qurilish aralashmasi nisbati nazorati Murakkab nisbati sinovlari va nazorat injeneri tomonidan tasdiqlangan ommaviy ro'yxatga ko'ra, beton aralash nisbati nazorat qilinadi va jami suv iste'moli agregatlarning suv miqdori bo'yicha o'rnatiladi. Betonning qulashi tarkibiy qismning tabiati, mustahkamlash tezligi, aniq transport va to'qimalash usuli va iqlim sharoitlari bilan belgilanadi va imkon qadar ozgina kamayib boradi. Betonning qulashi SL677-2014 talablariga javob beradi. (3) beton namuna olish sinovi beton dökme jarayonida, pudratchilar, SL352-2006 shartlariga ko'ra, boşaltma ochilishi va to'kish maydonida beton namuna olish mesh amalga oshiradi va maslahatchi ko'rsatmalariga rioya qilib, : a. Va inobatga olingan quvur galereyasining sifat hujjati; b. Sinov qismining tarkibi, aralashmasi va o'lchamlari; v. Test qismini tayyorlash va texnik xizmat ko'rsatish ta'rifi; g. Sinov natijalari va tavsifi; e. Turli yoshdagi betonlar Yuqori zichlik, siqilish kuchi, tortishish kuchi, yakuniy tortish qiymati, elastik modul, Poisson nisbati, qulab tushishi va dastlabki sozlash va oxirgi sozlash vaqti kabi ma'lumotlarni sinov. (4) beton quyma a. Tijorat betonning aralashtirish nisbati DL / T5330-2005 "Shlangi beton aralashtirish nisbati uchun dizaynlashtirilgan spetsifikatsiyasi" talablariga javob berishi va tsement va suvni kamaytiruvchi vositadan nisbatan erta boshlanadigan dastlabki vaqtni belgilash vaqti va oxirgi sozlamadan so'ng erta dayanım kuchayishi bilan foydalanilishi lozim. Havo tutqichi va erta dayanım agenti kabi har xil qo'shimchalar beton transportning uzoq masofasini hisobga olishlari, betonning dastlabki kuchlanish darajasini oshirish, maydalanish vaqtini qisqartirish, qurilish muddatini qisqartirish va qishki qurilish vaqtida beton kuchning sekin o'sishi . Betonning pasayishi bilan bog'liq muammo 140-180 mm gacha nazorat qilinadi. b. Bo'lib, temir majmuasi o'rnatilgandan so'ng texnik mutaxassislar tomonidan sifat nazorati va nazorat uchun malakali va tasdiqlanganidan so'ng, tasdiqlangan quvur galereya quyilishi mumkin. Teshikning balandligi erdan 2 m va undan yuqori va tomchi 2m yoki undan kam. Yumshoq magistral tambalari betonning 2 m dan kam bo'lgan balandlikda bo'lishini ta'minlash uchun og'izda o'rnatiladi. v. Beton quvur tunnel betonining simmetrik to'qimalarining usuli qiriqning balandligi 40 sm dan oshmasligi kerak va doimiy to'qimalash usuli bilan qurilishi intervalgacha bo'lmaydi. g. Beton qatlamlarga, muayyan yo'nalishda va ma'lum bir qalinlikda quyiladi. Beton gorizontal qatlam bo'lib, qatlam qalinligi 30-40 sm. e. Vibratsiyali vibratsiyali panjarani ishlatadi, harakatlanuvchi masofa tebranish chiziqning radiusidan 1,5 barobaridan oshmaydi va yonma qolipdan 5-10 sm masofada ushlab turadi. Vibratsiyalashganda betonning pastki qatlamini 5 dan 10 sm gacha joylashtiring va har bir tebranishdan keyin vibratsiyasini oshiring. Vibratsiyalash vaqtida qoldiqlarni, po'lat quvurlarni va boshqalarni tebranishdan saqlaning; har bir tebranish qismi uchun beton siqilib bo'lguncha, ya'ni beton cho'zilib ketguncha, pufakchalar paydo bo'lmaguncha va sirt tekis va loyqa bo'lmaguncha tebranadi. Yig'ish jarayonida po'latdan yasalgan po'lat panellar, katakchalar va shablonlarning o'zgarishini tekshirish uchun har bir ish turini ajratish kerak va vaziyatni vaqtida ko'rib chiqish kerak. 3, quti qopqog'ini tozalash va demontaj qilish
Yong'in qutisi oldindan tayyorlangan
(1) beton döküldükten so'ng, beton birinchi bo'lib o'rnatilganidan so'ng, integratsiya quvur galerisi yuqori haroratda buğulanır. Bug'lash maxsus tayyorlangan bug'lash qopqog'ini qabul qiladi va ichki quvurli galereya qoliplari bug'lash qopqog'i bilan qoplanadi va bug'lash jarayonida bug'ning tushishiga yo'l qo'ymaslik uchun bug 'qoplamasining pastki qismi yopiq bo'ladi. Bug 'qozoni ekologik toza bug' berish uchun bug'lanadi. qo'llab-quvvatlash. Bug'lash jarayonida u to'rt bosqichga bo'linadi: statik to'xtatish, isitish, doimiy harorat va sovutish. Statik to'xtash vaqtida atrof-muhit harorati 5 ° C atrofida va havo harorati 15 ° C / soat davomida nazorat qilinishi kerak. Ruxsat etilgan harorat: Harorat 60 ° C ga yetganda, to'rt soat doimiy harorat bug'laganidan keyin bug'lab turishi mumkin. Sovutish: Bug 'qozonidagi integratsiya quvur galerisinin sovutish tezligi 10 ° C / soatdan kamroq va integratsiya quvur galerisinin sirt harorati 5 ° C dan oshmasligi kerak, shunday qilib integratsiya quvur galereyasi bug 'qopqog'ini yoping. Bug'lash jarayonida maxsus xodimlar haroratni ko'tarish va tushirishni samarali nazorat qilish uchun ajratilgan. Birinchisi, inobatga olingan quvur galereyasi 2 soat davomida to'kilib, to'xtatilgandan so'ng, o'rnatilgan quvur galereyasi dastlab o'rnatildi va tekshirishda noaniqlik yo'q. Bug 'qoplami va uskunalari prefabrike ishlab chiqarish maydoniga ko'chiriladi va integratsiya quvurli galereya bug' qopqog'i bilan o'rnatiladi. To'liq muhrlangan, bug 'berish uskunasi va bug'lash qopqog'ining muhrlanish holatini tekshiring va bug'lash uskunasini disk raskadrovka qiling. Barcha tayyorgarliklar bajarilgandan so'ng bug'lash uskunasini isitish uchun ishga tushiring va isitish jarayonida 15 ˚ C / soat ichidagi isitish tezligini nazorat qilish uchun e'tibor bering. . Juda tez va juda sekin isitish uchun taqiqlanadi, bu esa integratsiyalangan quvur galeriyasining siqilish kuchiga va ishlashiga ta'sir qiladi. Harorat 60 ° C ga yetganda, doimiy harorat bug'lab boshlanadi. Doimiy haroratni to'rt soat bug'lab turgandan so'ng bug'lanish to'xtatilishi mumkin. Doimiy harorat bug'lab bo'lgandan so'ng, integratsiya quvurli galereya sovutiladi va bug'lash idishida saqlanadi va sovutish darajasi mutlaqo nazorat qilinadi. 10 ° C / h gacha bo'lgan harorat o'rnatilgan quvur galereyasining sirt haroratiga tushadi va atrof-muhit harorati 5 ° C dan oshmaydi, bug'lash qopqog'ini olib tashlash mumkin bo'ladi va inobatga olingan quvur galereyasi buzilib, tabiiy saqlanib qoladi tabiatni muhofaza qilish uchun sarflanadi. (2) Bug'lashni tugatgandan so'ng, quvurlarni tozalash va tabiiy saqlab qolish rejasi dizaynerlik quvvatining 50 foizini tashkil qiladi va bug 'qoplamasining ichkarisida va tashqarisidagi harorat farqi to'xtab turgandan keyin 5 ° C dan oshmasligi kerak bir soat davomida bug'lab qolib. Demolding buyrug'i ichidan, yuqoridan pastgacha bo'lgan. Sökme jarayonida, asta-sekin olib tashlash kerak, qolib ketadi, prefabrike o'rnatilgan quvur galereya va pastki qolip, kalıpdan kentin vinceiyle olib tashlanadi va tabiiy tabiat uchun tabiiy tabiat muhofazasi sug'orish. Tempindagi shablonni templash jarayonida urish uchun qoziqdan foydalanish qat'iyan taqiqlanadi. Tabiiy texnik parvarishlash quvvati 75% ni tashkil etgandan so'ng, integratsiya quvur galereyasi qayta tiklash uchun tabiatni muhofaza qilish idorasidan olib tashlanadi. (3) Quvur galereyasini katlama va joylashtirish rejasi. Beton quyish tugallangandan so'ng, dizayn quvvati 50% ni tashkil etadi va bug 'chiqishi bir soat davomida to'xtatilgandan so'ng bug'lash idishining ichkarisida va tashqarisidagi harorat farqi katta bo'lmasligi mumkin 5 ° C dan pastroq bo'lib, qolipni buzib tashlash mumkin. Demolding buyrug'i ichidan, yuqoridan pastgacha bo'lgan. Sökme jarayonida, ketma-ketlikda ketma-ket olib tashlash kerak. Bo'lib tashlangandan so'ng, prefabrik mahsulot va pastki qolipdan qolipdan chiqariladi va tabiiy sug'orish uchun belgilangan tabiatni muhofaza qilish zonasiga olib boriladi. Tempindagi shablonni templash jarayonida urish uchun qoziqdan foydalanish qat'iyan taqiqlanadi. Sling yoki tel arqonlar bilan aloqa qilishning burchak qismlari lift bilan himoyalangan, bu esa ko'tarilish jarayonida engil va engil va barcha harakatlarga maxsus shaxs rahbarlik qiladi. Mahsulot quvvati dizaynerlik quvvati- ning 75% gacha yetkazilgach, mahsulot tayyor tabiiy saqlash maydoniga o'tkaziladi. Tashish paytida mahsulotni tovoqlar tashqarisiga olib chiqing va mahsulotni aylantiring. Mahsulotni saqlashni engillashtirish uchun mahsulotning asl mahsuloti taglikning pastki qismiga aylanadi va mahsulotni saqlash balandligi ikki qatlamdir. 4, yopiq suv test standartlari
Yopiq suv tekshiruvining oqim jadvali
(1) Integratsiyalashgan quvur galereyasida suv in'ektsiyasi. Suv inshooti oldida o'rnatilgan quvurli galereya bloki yopiq va yopiq. Tekshiruvdan o'tganidan so'ng, suv in'om qilingan quvur galereyasiga quyiladi. Suv inobatga olingan quvur galerisinin pastki uchidan AOK qilinadi. Suv to'ldirilgandan so'ng, o'rnatilgan quvur galereyasining ichki devori va interfeys materiallari butunlay so'riladi va emish muddati spesifikatsiya ko'rsatilgan uzunlikdan kam emas. (2) a. Keng qamrovli quvurli suv o'tkazgichi talablarga javob bergach, sinov amalga oshiriladi. Sinov boshi birlashtirilgan quvur galereyasining yuqori qismidan 2 m balandlikda bo'lishi kerak. Yuqori oqimdagi inshoot quvurlarining yuqori qismidan inspeksiya portiga ko'tarilgan balandlik shahar ma'muriyatining sifatni tekshirish va qabul qilish standartiga binoan qurilish talablariga javob beradigan suvni sinovdan o'tkazgan suv sathidan pastga tushiradi. b. Sinov boshi belgilangan darajaga yetganida vaqtni boshlang, kuzatish tugaguniga qadar o'rnatilgan quvur galereyasining qochqinligini kuzating. Ayni paytda suvning sinov o'tkazgichni doimiy saqlashi uchun suvni inobatga olingan quvur galerasiga doimiy ravishda etkazib berish kerak, va suvning siqilish vaqtining kamida 30 daqiqasi bo'lishi kerak. v. Quyidagi formula bo'yicha o'lchangan suv oqimini hisoblang: q = W / TL, bu erda q - o'lchangan suv oqimi (L / (min.m)]; V - suv miqdori (L); T - kuzatish vaqti (min) L - sinov naychasining oxiri (m) uzunligi. v. Integratsiyalangan quvur galereyasi qurib bo'lingandan so'ng, Uchinchi inspektsiya partiyasi va A partiyasi tomonidan tayinlangan joylarda kuzatuv birlashtirilib quvur galereyasi tizimining yopiq suv testini amalga oshirish uchun o'z vaqtida xabardor qilinadi. Sinov tugallangandan so'ng, er ustida ishlaydigan qurilish partiyasi inobatga olingan quvur galereyasi ochig'ini to'ldirishni amalga oshirishi kerak. (3) Nazorat nuqtalari a. Integratsiyalangan quvur galereyasini bo'lim bo'yicha tekshirish kerak; b. Integratsiyalangan quvur galereyasi va inspeksiya qudug'ining tashqi ko'rinishi malakali bo'lib, suv oqimi yo'q va jiddiy suv oqimi yo'q; v. Integratsiyalangan quvur galereyasidagi suvni to'ldirgandan keyin sochlanish muddati Temir-beton quvurining tebranish muddati spetsifikatsiya ko'rsatilgan uzunlikdan kam bo'lmasligi kerak; g. To'liq quvur galereyasi yopiq suv testini haqiqiy miqdori va maydon hisobini o'lchash uchun o'tkaziladi va tegishli shakllarni yashirilgan qabul qilish yozuvi sifatida to'ldiradi. (4) Yopiq suvni tekshirish bayonoti Yopiq suv qismining yopiq uchastkasi zich emas va u ko'pincha beparvalangan, chunki u quduqdadir. Qopqoq devorni yopish uchun ishlatilsa, quyidagi masalalarga e'tibor qaratish lozim: Membrana blokirovkadan oldin 0,5 bo'lishi kerak. M oralig'idagi trubaning ichki devori tozalanadi, tsement pyuresi bo'yalgan va ishlatiladigan g'ishtlar ishlatish uchun ho'llangan. Kassa ohaklari M7.5 dan kam bo'lmasligi va yaxshi muvofiq bo'lishi kerak. Birgalikda va suyuqlik uchun tsement ohaklari M15 dan kam bo'lmasligi kerak. Quvurning diametri keng bo'lsa, ichki va tashqi tomonlar kichik bo'lishi kerak va faqat tashqi tomonlama qo'shma yoki sirt ishlatilishi kerak. Sirt 5 qavatli suv o'tkazmaydigan usulda qo'llanilishi kerak. Agar shartlar ruxsat etilsa, u sifatni ta'minlash uchun quduqlarni tekshirishdan oldin muhrlanishi mumkin. Oldindan o'rnatilgan drenaj teshigi drenaj va sinov uchun quvurning ichki qismida tekshirilishi kerak. (5) Integratsiyalashgan quvur galereyasida suvning susuzluğunun davolash Yopiq suv testi, integratsiya qilingan quvur galereyasi va materiallar sifati qurilishini to'liq tekshirish. In the event of leakage, the leaks should be marked first and carefully treated after draining the water in the integrated pipe gallery. After the treatment, the test is repeated, and the process is repeated until the water is closed. Third, the material quality: 1, steel; the use of tensile strength is not lower than HRB400 three-stage threaded steel or hot-rolled, cold-rolled ribbed steel, steel properties should meet the requirements of GB1499.2, GB13788, GB1499.1. 2, cement; should use Portland cement, ordinary Portland cement, can also use sulfate-resistant Portland cement, fast-hardening cement. Cement performance should meet the requirements of GB175 and GB748 respectively. 3, aggregate; fine aggregate should use medium coarse sand, fineness modulus 2.3~3.3, mud content is not more than 2%; the maximum particle size of coarse aggregate should not exceed 1/3 of wall thickness of reinforced concrete box culvert, It shall not be greater than 3/4 of the net spacing of the hoop reinforcing bars, the mud content is ≤1%, the stone powder content is ≤5%, the needle-like particle content is ≤10%, and the porosity is ≤45%. 4. Admixtures and admixtures; concrete may not have harmful effects on box culverts when admixtures and admixtures are added. Should comply with the provisions of GB8076. When adding the sodium and polycarboxylate water reducing agent, the amount of addition should be determined after the test; the amount of FDN-2 superplasticizer is 0.75%~1%. The polycarboxylic acid series water reducing agent should be based on The amount of dilution of the mother agent is determined. 5. Water: Concrete mixing water should meet the requirements of JGJ63. 4. Box culvert standard: 1. Appearance quality inspection is as follows: (1) The inner and outer surfaces of the box should be dense, smooth and clean, free from cracks, honeycombs, pockmarks, pores, sinks, exposed sand, exposed stones, exposed pulp and sticky skin. . (2) The end face of the socket should be clean and free of angles. Cracks, exposed ribs, etc. are not densely realized. The groove of the adhesive strip of the socket should be smooth and smooth, the grain is clear, and there should be no sticking of floating pulp and debris. (3) The inner and outer surfaces of the top and bottom plates should be flat and free from local unevenness. (4) The sidewall pre-embedded screws should be firm, the silk path should be smooth and neatly arranged. (5) The tension hole should be smooth, the aperture is consistent, and there is no skew deviation.
2, product size deviation (1) steel frame: height ± 5mm, length ± 5mm, width ± 3mm, reinforced bar ± 5mm, steel bar diameter ± 0.1mm (2) box culvert: height ± 5mm, length ± 2mm, width ±2mm, socket depth ±1mm, socket length ±1mm, wall thickness ±1mm. (3) Box culvert parameter concrete 28d compressive strength C45/, demoulding strength requirement reaches 20Mpa, impermeability When P6 is reached, the freezing and thawing reaches F100, the external pressure crack load reaches 85kn/m, and the failure load reaches 120kn/m. First, the venue settings
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Prefabricated site
1. The site is selected according to the actual situation of the project. The site adopts closed management to set up import and export, and the construction access road is reserved in the site planning area, and various signs are hanged at the import and export according to regulations. 2. The layout of the prefabrication site shall be in strict accordance with the requirements of the standard factory, meet the requirements of occupational health and safety and environmental management system and HSE operation instructions, and set up various safety environment protection facilities. It shall be fully equipped to meet the requirements of safe and civilized production, sewage discharge and garbage disposal. Strictly in accordance with the relevant provisions of local government departments. 3. Clean the prefabricated site, leveling, vibrating and compacting, laying a 20cm thick cement stabilized macadam base, smoothing and vibrating and compacting. The main road of the plant will pour 15cm thick C20 commercial concrete on the cement stabilized macadam base. , installation area, prefabrication, production area, integrated pipe gallery natural conservation placement area pouring 10cmC20 commercial concrete. In the gantry crane rail erection position, the excavation depth is 60cm, and the concrete is poured and the track is laid. We must also do these three things: (1) The site needs to be cleaned and leveled, including prefabricated sites, connecting construction work belts and existing transportation roads, and passages in prefabricated sites. (2) In the prefabricated site, the stones, weeds, trees, structures, etc. that affect the passage or construction work of the construction machinery should be cleaned up, the ditch and the ridge should be leveled, and the low-lying areas with accumulated water should be drained and filled, if necessary, changed. Fill in, fully guarantee the flatness of the ground and the load-bearing and compressive capacity. (3) Pre-fabrication site cleaning and leveling shall be carried out to save land acquisition or land occupation, no traffic obstruction, no damage to buildings, facilities, monuments, etc., to prevent environmental pollution and soil erosion. 4. Prefabrication of the steel bar processing and installation area, integrated pipe gallery prefabrication production steaming area, integrated pipe gallery natural conservation shed, integrated pipe gallery storage area and other functional areas. The office area and living area are set according to the actual situation, and the prefabricated field entrance and exit is set up as a guard room. Second, the production process
Production process flow chart
1. Reinforcement engineering construction materials entering the site, sampling inspection, steel processing, steel bar binding, installation. (1) Reinforcement approach inspection a. Rebar is hot-rolled HPB300 grade steel and hot-rolled HRB400 grade steel bar. The standard strength of steel bar meets the requirements of 4.2.2 of GB50010-2010. The ribbed steel bar complies with the steel for reinforced concrete: Part II: Hot-rolled ribbed steel bars (GB1499.2-2007); light-round steel bars meet the requirements of steel for reinforced concrete: Part I: Hot-rolled ribbed steel bars (GB1499.1-2008). The steel plate is made of Q235-B steel, the welding electrode HPB300 grade steel is welded with E43 type electrode, and the HRB400 grade steel is welded with E55 type electrode. b. Before the steel enters the site, check the variety, grade, specification, quantity and material list in strict accordance with the requirements, whether the product quality certificate, the factory inspection report and the re-inspection report are complete and valid. The mechanical properties test must be in accordance with the relevant standards. c. Before the steel enters the field and before use, check the appearance quality of the steel bar, whether it is straight, no damage, no slag inclusion on the surface, heavy skin, crack, oil stain, granular or flake old rust, uniform color, view the diameter of the steel bar Meet the requirements, so as not to affect the strength of the steel and anchoring performance. Steel plates, welding rods, etc. are inspected with the steel bar inspection items before entering the site. (2) Storage of steel bars a. The steel bars entering the site are stored in the steel bar storage area according to the variety, specification and grade. The materials are stored by the material staff and the custodians. The steel bar is required to be covered with a pad to prevent rust. b. Check whether the steel bar has the factory certificate and the factory inspection report and the re-inspection report. Check the appearance quality and the volume representative diameter. The steel bar must be inspected comprehensively for its quality index. According to the batch inspection, the diameter and weight deviation are the same as the same factory, the same furnace number, the same specification, the same production process, and the 60-ton steel bar entering the same construction site at the same time is an inspection lot, less than 60 tons. Also as a test lot, carry out witnessed sampling. Sampling of steel bars shall be carried out by the supervising engineer. Two steel bars shall be taken to take two tensile test pieces, each with a length of about 450 mm, and two cold-bent test pieces with a length of about 350 mm, placed in the test box, and then supervised for sealing or monitoring the test room. If the result of the re-examination report is unqualified, it shall be double-sampled and re-tested. The results of the re-examination report shall be qualified, and the professional supervision engineer shall sign the approval, and the batch of steel bars may be used in processing. Storage and storage of other materials shall be carried out by means of moisture insulation. (3) Rebar processing Before processing, according to the design specifications and length and quantity, combined with different processing techniques, the length of each rebar is determined by calculation to ensure accuracy. During processing, check whether there is any error or omission in the blanking table. Check the material table for each type of steel bar. After these two inspections, press the material table to release the real sample. After the trial production is qualified, it can be processed in batches. Good steel bars should be stacked neatly and orderly. The surface of the steel bar should be clean, and the grease, dirt and rust must be cleaned before use. The steel bars are straightened and mechanically straightened. The steel bars after straightening shall not have local bending, dead bends or small waves. The steel bar cutting should be based on the steel bar number, diameter, length and quantity. The length and length of the steel bar should be broken and the short material should be broken first, and the short steel head should be reduced and shortened as much as possible to save steel and reduce loss. When the steel bar is bent, stake out determines the bending point and determines the bending angle based on the rebound strength of each steel bar. Before the formal bending, the steel bars that have been bent in large quantities will be subjected to trial bending and the relevant technical data will be determined before batch bending. After the steel bar is bent, the arc forms an arc. After the bending, the size is not larger than the blanking size. The bending adjustment value should be considered. The bending diameter D of the bent steel bar and the bend of the middle part is not less than 5 times the diameter of the steel bar. The length of the steel bar should be considered comprehensively according to the size of the component, the thickness of the protective layer, and the adjustment value of the bending of the steel bar. The allowable deviation of steel bar processing shall not exceed the specification. For steel bars with insufficient finished material, the butt joint pressure welding method is used to butt the foot length and then bend. The butt welder must be trained in a special butt welding process and sampled for inspection. After the various steel bars are formed, the allowable deviation shall not exceed the specification: the full length of the force ribs shall be ±10 mm; the deviation of the length of each part of the stirrups shall be ±5 mm; the deviation of the bent ribs shall be ±20 mm of the member, large volume The concrete is ±30mm; the deviation of the steel corner is 3mm; the 6~12mm round rib is made into the stirrup, and the length of the end hook is 75~105mm according to the diameter of the main rib. The specific calculation before the blanking is determined, the processed steel bars are classified and stored, and the formed steel bars are prevented from being deformed during storage and transportation.
Braided skeleton (reinforced steel) steel formwork
Difficulties: The difficulty in making the main ribs of the rectangular top pipe is the outer rib main rib. Each ring consists of four steel bars with two arcs each forming a rectangular top pipe rebar ring. The radius of the arc is too small, the curved arc segment is short, and the precision is high. . Solution: Before the steel bars are bent, mark them at the intersection of each arc. Then, the R90 degree arc is bent by three-roll bending, and the straight line segment is not bent. After the arc is fully bent, it is placed on the standard master inspection. After the requirements are met, the moving wheel movement position mark is made on the bending machine operating platform for the next quick production. The three-roll bending machine needs to have the function of jog and reverse. (4) Steel bar welding The formed steel bar is placed on the steel bar welding work tool according to the construction drawings for welding. The welding quality is an important part to ensure the overall strength of the steel bar. In the steel bar processing factory, the steel bars are mainly cleaned by double-sided flash butt welding to clean the corner burrs and the end face rust, oil stains and oxide film before being welded, and the metal luster is exposed by grinding, and there is no oxidation phenomenon. At the same time, the end face of the steel bar should be flattened to facilitate a good combination. The fixtures on both sides should be aligned to ensure that the two steel bars are on the same axis, and the local clearance of the two steel bars is not more than 3 mm. The pressure applied during the welding should be uniform and strong, and the temperature should be controlled at 30-40 MPa depending on the diameter of the steel bar to achieve good adhesion between the two steel bars. When the steel bars of different diameters are butt welded, the deviation shall not exceed 7mm. Butt welding and spot welding are strictly in accordance with the regulations, and the welding personnel are certified to work. After the welding is completed, the joint will be changed from white to black to release the clamp, and the steel bar will be taken out smoothly to avoid bending. After the welding of the steel bars is completed, the appearance inspection of the welded joints shall be carried out in time, and the joints that fail the visual inspection shall be re-welded. All welding operators must ensure that all types of welding machines are in good working condition, master the main performance and parameters of various welding machines in time, and select the best parameters for actual operation according to the conditions of the base metal and weather to ensure the welding quality. . (5) Reinforced steel cages should be re-calibrated before specification, size, shape, quantity, positioning tooling, etc., and comprehensive inspection should be carried out according to the design drawings and ingredient list. The design, ingredient list and physical object can be matched. Xavfsizlik. Before the system is installed, the reinforcement is arranged on the positioning tooling platform according to the design data. At the same time, according to the location, the setting of the standing reinforcement is determined to ensure that the steel bars after the installation meet the requirements. In the process of security, the steel bars are mainly made by wire binding and spot welding. The holes are made of 20~22# wire. The method of binding and binding is in accordance with the specifications and regulations. Spot welding is mainly used for forming steel bars and standing bars. The fixing, the spot welding should be firm, the points should be evenly distributed, and the force ribs should not be seriously damaged. The lashing joint of the steel bar shall meet the following requirements: a. The end of the lap length shall be not less than 10 times the diameter of the steel bar at the bend of the steel bar, and the joint shall not be located at the maximum bending moment of the component. b. In the tension zone, the end of the I-grade steel lashing joint shall be made into a hook. In the same section, the cross-sectional area of the joint of the tension zone shall be less than 50% of the total area of the force-receiving joint, and the lashing joint shall not be more than 50%. Not more than 25%, at the same time, the lashing joints must not exceed 50% in the compression zone. c. Reinforced joints, tied with wire at the center and at both ends. d. The joint positions of the stressed ribs are staggered from each other. The lap length of the tensioned steel reinforced joints should meet the structural design requirements. The welded steel joints and mechanical joints should be placed at the minimum bending moment and staggered. e. When the diameter of the stressed steel bar is ≥25mm, it is not advisable to use a non-welded lashing joint. f. The thickness of the concrete protective layer of the stressed steel bar should meet the structural design requirements. In order to ensure the correct position of the steel bar, it is tied and installed according to the design requirements. g. In the reinforcement cage binding process, one ΦPVC pipe is pre-buried on the four sides of the joint, Φ14mm, the length of the PVC pipe is determined according to the wall thickness of the mouth of the joint, and the pre-embedded PVC pipe is used as the inspection hole and the injection hole. The lifting holes are installed at 500mm above and below the central axis of the left and right sides of the integrated pipe gallery. Two Φ125*10mm*220mm steel pipes are welded to the steel frame, and Φ140*4 steel plate is used for sealing. The Φ125*10mm*180mm steel pipe is installed before lifting. Φ110mm*350mm iron pin is used as the integrated pipe hanger ear to meet the hoisting construction of the integrated pipe gallery. Reinforced steel works are concealed projects. Before pouring concrete, the steel bars and embedded parts should be inspected and accepted, and the hidden engineering records should be made. After the on-site supervision engineers agree, the next process can be carried out.
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Steel mold assembly
The most efficient method for the assembly process should be: first support the inner mold, the steel collar connection ribs should be welded first and then placed in the bottom mold, and the lining steel ring connecting ribs of the socket should be welded after the steel frame is put into the mold, and the steel bars are welded. After the skeleton is put into the mold, the grouting hole, the grouting hole and the pre-embedded steel plate are welded. After the welding, the outer mold is assembled. In order to prevent the position of the lifting hole from being inaccurate, the lifting hole is fixed on the outer mold, and the outer mold is assembled and then the welding socket is pre-prepared. Buried steel ring. (6) Reinforced protective layer The protective layer of concrete is made of concrete block, the thickness is equal to the thickness of the designed protective layer, the block size is 3cm×3cm, the pad number is more than C25 mortar strength, and the curing is strengthened during production to achieve design strength. 85% of the above can be used. When used in the vertical structure, the 20# binding line can be buried in the block, and the block is tied to the steel bar with the wire. The bottom layer of the bottom plate and the wall reinforcement layer are placed one square meter per square meter, and the plum blossoms are arranged. The spacing of the pads should be properly encrypted. Reasonably arrange the blocks, and tie them tightly on the stressed steel bars, instead of being placed on the non-stressed tendons, the fixing should be firm to prevent displacement and slippage during the pouring process; whether the blocks are fully inspected before concrete pouring Missing or damaged. 2. Concrete pouring (1) Concrete material Concrete transportation is transported to the prefabricated site by concrete tanker, and pumped into the warehouse by concrete pump truck. The slump of concrete is generally controlled between 140 and 180 mm (the specific value depends on the temperature of the day). 4 concrete vibrating rods with a vibrating radius of 20-25cm, so the spacing between each rod is 40cm. Each rod depth is within 5cm below the previous vibrating surface, and the vibrating time per rod is 2-3 minutes. (2) Mixing ratio design and test a. Mixing ratio design To meet the requirements of concrete design strength, frost resistance, impermeability, sand aggregate expansion rate and construction workability, the concrete construction mix ratio optimization test At the same time, it meets the requirements of construction water-cement ratio and slump, and is reviewed and approved by the supervision engineer. The mix ratio of concrete should ensure that the concrete obtained can meet the specific pouring conditions, and the water consumption in the concrete mix ratio is as small as possible. b. Concrete mix ratio test concrete mix ratio test plan, including concrete mix ratio test and concrete performance test of different strength grades, blending ratio test 14d ahead of the various mix ratio test ingredients and mixing, molding and maintenance, etc. The mix ratio test plan is reported to the supervision engineer. c. Construction mix ratio control According to the mix ratio test and the batch list approved by the supervision engineer, the concrete mix ratio is controlled, and the total water consumption is adjusted according to the water content of the aggregate. Concrete slump is determined by the nature of the structural part, the rate of reinforcement, the concrete transport and casting method, and the climatic conditions, and uses a small slump as much as possible. Concrete slump meets the requirements of SL677-2014. (3) Concrete sampling test During the concrete pouring process, the contractor shall carry out concrete sampling test at the discharge opening and pouring site according to the provisions of SL352-2006 and the instructions of the supervisor, and submit the following materials to the supervisor: a. And the quality certificate of its integrated pipe gallery; b. The composition, mixing and dimensions of the test piece; c. Description of the preparation and maintenance of the test piece; d. Test results and description; e. Concrete of various ages Test data such as bulk density, compressive strength, tensile strength, ultimate tensile value, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, slump and initial setting and final setting time. (4) Concrete pouring a. The mix ratio of commercial concrete should meet the requirements of DL/T5330-2005 "Design Specification for Hydraulic Concrete Mixing Ratio", and use cement and water reducing agent with relatively early initial setting time and early strength increase after final setting. Various additives such as air entraining agent and early strength agent should consider the long distance of concrete transportation, increase the early strength of concrete, reduce the time of demoulding, shorten the construction period, and especially solve the slow growth of concrete strength during winter construction. The problem with the site concrete slump is to be controlled at 140-180mm. b. After the mold and steel bars have been installed and qualified by the technicians for quality inspection and supervision, and confirmed, the integrated pipe gallery can be poured. The height of the hole is 2m or more above the ground, and the drop is 2m or less. The soft string barrel is set at the mouth to ensure that the concrete has a falling height of less than 2m. c. The concrete pipe tunnel concrete shall adopt the symmetric casting method to consider that the height of the edge should not exceed 40cm, and the construction by continuous casting method should not be intermittent. d. Concrete is poured in layers, in a certain direction, and with a certain thickness. The concrete is horizontally layered and the layer thickness is 30-40 cm. e. Vibrating uses a plug-in vibrating rod, the moving distance does not exceed 1.5 times the radius of action of the vibrating bar, and maintains a distance of 5 to 10 cm from the side mold. Insert the lower layer of concrete 5 to 10 cm when vibrating, and slowly propose the vibrating bar after each vibration. Avoid vibrating the formwork, steel bars, etc. during vibration; for each vibration part, it must be oscillated until the concrete is compacted, that is, the concrete stops sinking, no bubbles appear, and the surface is flat and muddy. During the pouring process, each work type should be arranged to check the changes of steel bars, brackets and stencils, and the situation should be dealt with in time. 3, box culvert maintenance and demoulding
Box culvert prefabricated
(1) After the concrete is poured, after the concrete is initially set, the integrated pipe gallery is steamed at a high temperature. The steaming adopts a customized steaming cover, and the integrated pipe gallery mold is covered with a steaming cover, and the bottom of the steaming cover is sealed to prevent steam from being discharged during the steaming process. The steaming boiler is steamed for the environmentally friendly steaming facility. support. In the process of steaming, it is divided into four stages: static stop, warming, constant temperature and cooling. During the static stop, the ambient temperature should be kept below 5 °C, and the temperature rise should be controlled within 15 °C/h. Constant temperature: When the temperature reaches 60 °C, the steaming can be stopped after four hours of constant temperature steaming. Cooling: The cooling rate of the integrated pipe gallery in the steaming shed is less than 10 °C / h, and the surface temperature of the integrated pipe gallery is not more than 5 °C, so that the integrated pipe gallery can be removed from the steaming cover. During the steaming process, special personnel are arranged to effectively control the temperature rise and fall and record in detail. Firstly, after the integrated pipe gallery has been poured and stopped for 2 hours, the integrated pipe gallery has been initially set and the inspection has no abnormality. The steaming cover and equipment are moved to the prefabricated production area, and the integrated pipe gallery has been set up with the steaming cover. Strictly sealed, check the sealing condition of steaming equipment and steaming cover and debug the steaming equipment. After all the preparations are in place, start the steaming equipment to heat up, and pay attention to control the heating rate within 15 °C/h during the heating process. . It is forbidden to heat up too fast or too slow, which will affect the compressive strength and performance of the integrated pipe gallery. When the temperature reaches 60 °C, the constant temperature steaming is started. After the constant temperature steaming for four hours, the steaming can be stopped. After the constant temperature steaming is finished, the integrated pipe gallery is cooled and maintained in the steaming shed, and the cooling rate is strictly controlled. Within 10 °C / h, the temperature drops to the surface temperature of the integrated pipe gallery and the ambient temperature does not exceed 5 °C, the steaming cover can be removed, and the integrated pipe gallery is demolished and moved to a natural conservation shed for natural conservation. (2) After the steaming is completed, the pipe gallery demoulding and natural conservation shed maintenance plan will reach 50% of the design strength and the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the steaming cover can not be more than 5 °C after stopping the steaming for one hour. mold. The order of demolding is from the inside out, from top to bottom. In the process of dismantling, it should be removed step by step in order, the mold is removed, the prefabricated integrated pipe gallery and the bottom mold are removed from the mold by the gantry crane, and transported to the designated natural conservation shed for natural watering. It is strictly forbidden to use the crowbar to hit the stencil under the template during the demoulding process. After the natural maintenance reaches 75% of the design strength, the integrated pipe gallery will be removed from the natural conservation shed for reversal. (3) Folding and placing plan of the pipe gallery After the concrete pouring is completed, the design strength is 50% and after the steaming is stopped for one hour, the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the steaming shed can not be greater than 5 °C, and the mold can be demolished. The order of demolding is from the inside out, from top to bottom. In the process of dismantling, it should be removed step by step in sequence. After the mold is removed, the prefabricated product and the bottom mold are lifted out of the mold and transported to the designated natural conservation area for natural watering. It is strictly forbidden to use the crowbar to hit the stencil under the template during the demoulding process. The angular parts of the sling or wire rope contact are protected by a pad, which is light and light during the lifting process, and all actions are directed by a special person. After the product strength reaches 75% of the design strength, the product is transferred to the finished natural conservation area. Move the product out of the tray during transport and flip the product. In order to facilitate the storage of the product, the original product of the product is turned over to the bottom of the floor, and the product storage height is two layers. 4, closed water testing standards
Closed water inspection flow chart
(1) Water injection in the integrated pipe gallery Before the water injection, the integrated pipe gallery block is sealed and sealed. After passing the inspection, water is injected into the integrated pipe gallery. The water is injected from the lower end of the integrated pipe gallery. After the water is filled, the inner wall of the integrated pipe gallery and the interface material are fully absorbed, and the soaking time is not less than the length specified in the specification. (2) Test a. After the comprehensive pipe shed is in compliance with the requirements, the test shall be carried out. The test head shall be 2 m above the top of the integrated pipe gallery. If the height from the top of the upstream integrated pipe gallery to the inspection port is less than 2 m, according to the municipal engineering quality inspection and acceptance Standard “closed water test water level to the wellhead to meet construction requirements. b. Start timing when the test head reaches the specified level, observe the leakage of the integrated pipe gallery until the end of the observation. At this time, the water should be continuously supplied to the integrated pipe gallery to keep the test head constant, and the seepage time of the water seepage is not less than 30 minutes. c. Calculate the measured water seepage according to the following formula: q=W/TL where q is the measured water seepage [L/(min.m)]; W——the amount of water (L); T——observation time (min) L - length of the test tube end (m). c. After the completion of the integrated pipe gallery, the third inspection party and the on-site supervision designated by Party A shall be notified in time to carry out the closed water test of the integrated pipe gallery system. After the test is completed, the earthwork construction party shall carry out the backfilling of the integrated pipe gallery trench. (3) Checkpoints a. The integrated pipe gallery must be inspected section by section; b. The appearance quality of the integrated pipe gallery and inspection well has been qualified, and no water leakage and no serious water seepage are qualified; c. Soaking time after filling the water in the integrated pipe gallery The immersion time of the reinforced concrete pipe shall not be less than the length specified in the specification; d. The comprehensive pipe gallery closed water test shall be carried out on site to measure the actual amount and the field calculation, and fill in the relevant forms as a concealed acceptance record. (4) Notice of closed water test The closed section of the closed water section is not dense, and it is often neglected because it is in the well. If the brick wall is used for sealing, the following points should be paid attention to: The nozzle should be 0.5 before the blockage The inner wall of the pipe in the range of m is cleaned, the cement puree is painted, and the bricks used are wetted for use. The masonry mortar should be no less than M7.5 and have a good consistency. The cement mortar for jointing and plastering shall be not less than M15. When the diameter of the pipe is large, the inner and outer sides should be small and only the outer one-side joint or the surface should be used. The surface should be applied in a waterproof 5-layer construction method. When conditions permit, it can be sealed before the inspection of the wells to ensure quality. The preset drain hole should be inspected at the inner bottom of the tube for draining and testing. (5) Treatment of water seepage in integrated pipe gallery The closed water test is a comprehensive inspection of the construction of integrated pipe gallery and the quality of materials. In the event of leakage, the leaks should be marked first and carefully treated after draining the water in the integrated pipe gallery. After the treatment, the test is repeated, and the process is repeated until the water is closed. Third, the material quality: 1, steel; the use of tensile strength is not lower than HRB400 three-stage threaded steel or hot-rolled, cold-rolled ribbed steel, steel properties should meet the requirements of GB1499.2, GB13788, GB1499.1. 2, cement; should use Portland cement, ordinary Portland cement, can also use sulfate-resistant Portland cement, fast-hardening cement. Cement performance should meet the requirements of GB175 and GB748 respectively. 3, aggregate; fine aggregate should use medium coarse sand, fineness modulus 2.3~3.3, mud content is not more than 2%; the maximum particle size of coarse aggregate should not exceed 1/3 of wall thickness of reinforced concrete box culvert, It shall not be greater than 3/4 of the net spacing of the hoop reinforcing bars, the mud content is ≤1%, the stone powder content is ≤5%, the needle-like particle content is ≤10%, and the porosity is ≤45%. 4. Admixtures and admixtures; concrete may not have harmful effects on box culverts when admixtures and admixtures are added. Should comply with the provisions of GB8076. When adding the sodium and polycarboxylate water reducing agent, the amount of addition should be determined after the test; the amount of FDN-2 superplasticizer is 0.75%~1%. The polycarboxylic acid series water reducing agent should be based on The amount of dilution of the mother agent is determined. 5. Water: Concrete mixing water should meet the requirements of JGJ63. 4. Box culvert standard: 1. Appearance quality inspection is as follows: (1) The inner and outer surfaces of the box should be dense, smooth and clean, free from cracks, honeycombs, pockmarks, pores, sinks, exposed sand, exposed stones, exposed pulp and sticky skin. . (2) The end face of the socket should be clean and free of angles. Cracks, exposed ribs, etc. are not densely realized. The groove of the adhesive strip of the socket should be smooth and smooth, the grain is clear, and there should be no sticking of floating pulp and debris. (3) The inner and outer surfaces of the top and bottom plates should be flat and free from local unevenness. (4) The sidewall pre-embedded screws should be firm, the silk path should be smooth and neatly arranged. (5) The tension hole should be smooth, the aperture is consistent, and there is no skew deviation.
2, product size deviation (1) steel frame: height ± 5mm, length ± 5mm, width ± 3mm, reinforced bar ± 5mm, steel bar diameter ± 0.1mm (2) box culvert: height ± 5mm, length ± 2mm, width ±2mm, socket depth ±1mm, socket length ±1mm, wall thickness ±1mm. (3) Box culvert parameter concrete 28d compressive strength C45/, demoulding strength requirement reaches 20Mpa, impermeability When P6 is reached, the freezing and thawing reaches F100, the external pressure crack load reaches 85kn/m, and the failure load reaches 120kn/m.
